The preferred initial age model was then used as a starting point to correlate or tune the grain size record to the LR04 benthic δ¹⁸O isotope stack. These models, which correspond to the paleoanthropological short and long chronologies for the arrival of Homo erectus on Java, were used to convert the grain size record into a time series for time series analysis. Two initial age models were established based on two different sets of tie points and approaches (constant sedimentation rate and Bayesian age modelling). This study aims to develop an astronomical age model for the classical Sangiran Dome area of central Java, using a semi-quantitative grain size record of the hominin-bearing Sangiran and Bapang Formations. So far, such age models are lacking for the Pleistocene of SE Asia with its similarly rich fossil hominin record. For the rich hominin fossil record of Africa, this has been facilitated by the development of high-resolution astronomically tuned age models. Well-dated paleoanthropological sites are critical for studying hominin evolution and dispersal, especially when related to regional or global climate change.
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